Alexander Archipenko was a pioneering Cubist sculptor whose subjects were the traditional themes of heroic men and of women at their bath, but cast in the colorful, geometrized idiom of modernism. Working in Paris in the 1910s, he produced a number of compositions he called "sculpto-paintings"--brightly painted low-relief constructions using a variety of materials in which he sought to unify color and form. In In the Boudoir, Archipenko presents the private moment of a woman confronting her reflection. She exists in a complex space of sharp planes and jutting angles, in which the voids between objects have as much physical and chromatic reality as the objects themselves. Snippets of sheet metal create reflective surfaces, commercially printed paper forms a kind of table covering, and a collaged photograph of the artist himself sits on her dresser as both a visual signature and a sly insertion of the artist as idol. John B. Ravenal, from Philadelphia Museum of Art: Handbook of the Collections (1995), p. 311.